Editing Princess Irene of the Netherlands

{| class="wikitable" style="float:right" size="500px"
|+
! colspan="2" |HRH The Dowager Duchess of Parma
|-
| colspan="2" |[[File:Orange-Nassau_Irene.jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|'''Titles'''
|Dowager Duchess of [[Parma]]
Princess of [[the Netherlands]]
|-
|'''Reign'''
|7 May 1977 - 18 August 2010
|-
|'''Coronation'''
|19 November 1977
|-
|'''Predecessor'''
|[[Countess Madeleine of Lignieres]]
|-
|'''Successor'''
|[[Princess Luisa of Brazil]]
|-
! colspan="2" |Biographical Information
|-
|'''Born'''
|30 April 1939 (age 86)
the Hague, the Netherlands
|-
|'''Spouse'''
|[[Duke Carlo IV of Parma]]
(m. 1964; w. 2010)
|-
|'''Issue'''
|[[Carlo V, Duke of Parma|Carlo V]]
[[Princess Margherita of Parma|Margherita, Princess of Vidin]]

[[Prince Giacomo of Parma|Prince Giacomo]]

[[Princess Maria Carolina of Parma|Maria Carolina, Princess of Wykradt-Isny]]
|-
|'''Name'''
|Irene Emma Elisabeth
|-
|'''House'''
|Orange-Nassau (by birth)
Bourbon-Parma (by marriage)
|-
|'''Father'''
|[[Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld]]
|-
|'''Mother'''
|[[Queen Juliana of the Netherlands]]
|-
|'''Religion'''
|Calvinist
|}
'''Irene, Dowager Duchess of Parma''' (born ''Princess Irene of the Netherlands'' on 30 April 1939) is a member of the Parmense Ducal Family as the mother of '''Carlo V, Duke of Parma'''. She was Duchess consort of Parma from 1977 until 2010.

==Life==
Irene was born the second daughter of '''Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld''' and '''Queen Juliana of the Netherlands'''.

Irene was excluded from the line of succession upon her 1964 marriage, but her succession rights were restored in 1985.

==Marriage and Issue==
On 25 January 1964, Irene's engagement to '''Prince Carlo Hugo of Parma''' was announced. The engagement provoked a constitutional crisis due to her secret conversion to Roman Catholicism. The couple were married in Parma on 29 April 1964, with no members of the Dutch Royal Family present. Carlo and Irene had four children, '''Carlo, Margherita, Giacomo,''' and '''Maria Carolina'''. 

Carlo and Irene lived separately beginning in 1981, but continued to perform public duties together. Irene was widowed in 2010.
{| class="wikitable"
!Photo
!Name
!Birth
!Death
!Marriage
|-
|[[File:Bourbon-Parma_Carlo_V.jpg|frameless|150x150px]]
|[[Carlo V, Duke of Parma|Carlo V]]
|27 January 1970
|
|[[Princess Luisa of Brazil]] (m. 2010); has issue
|-
|[[File:Bourbon-Parma_Margherita.png|frameless|150x150px]]
|[[Princess Margherita of Parma|Margherita, Princess of Vidin]]
|13 October 1972
|
|[[Konstantin Assen, Prince of Vidin]] (m. 1994); has issue
|-
|[[File:Bourbon-Parma_Giacomo.png|frameless|150x150px]]
|[[Prince Giacomo of Parma|Prince Giacomo]]
|13 October 1972
|
|[[Countess Alix of Harambure]] (m. 2013); has issue
|-
|[[File:Bourbon-Parma_Maria_Carolina.png|frameless|150x150px]]
|[[Princess Maria Carolina of Parma|Maria Carolina, Princess of Wykradt-Isny]]
|23 June 1974
|
|[[Alexander II, Prince of Wykradt-Isny]] (m. 1992); has issue
|}

==Residences==
TBA

==Sartorial Information==
===Tiara Collection===
<gallery>
File:Tiaras the Netherlands Irene Diamond Bandeau.jpg|(1955) Diamond Bandeau; 16th birthday gift from her parents
File:Tiaras the Netherlands Irene Sapphire Tiara.jpg|(1964) Sapphire Tiara; Wedding gift from her in-laws
File:Tiaras the Netherlands Irene Diamond Tiara.jpg|(1964) Diamond Tiara; Wedding gift from her parents
</gallery>

===Clothing Collection===
Clothing Collection

==Titles and Honours==

*'''1939-1964'''   Princess Irene of the Netherlands
*'''1964-1974'''   Princess Irene of Parma
*'''1974-1977'''   Irene, Hereditary Duchess of Parma
*'''1977-2010'''   Irene, Duchess of Parma
*'''2010-present'''   Irene, Dowager Duchess of Parma

===National Honours===
[[File:Honours_Parma_Order_of_St._George.png|frameless|75x75px]] Order of St. George (1977)

[[File:Honours_Parma_Order_of_St._Louis.png|frameless|75x75px]] Order of St. Louis (1964)

===Foreign Honours===
[[File:Honours_Italy_Order_of_the_Most_Holy_Annunciation.png|frameless|75x75px]] Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1977) (Italy)

[[File:Honours_Netherlands_Order_of_the_Netherlands_Lion.png|frameless|75x75px]] Order of the Netherlands Lion (1964) (the Netherlands)

[[File:Honours_Netherlands_Order_of_the_House_of_Orange.png|frameless|75x75px]] Order of the House of Orange (1957) (the Netherlands)

==Ancestry==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Parents
!Grandparents
!Great-Grandparents
!Great-Great-Grandparents
|-
|[[Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld]]
|[[Prince Bernhard of Lippe]]
[[Armgard von Sierstorpff-Cramm]]
|[[Ernest, Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld]]
[[Countess Caroline of Wartensleben]]

[[Baron Aschwin Sierstorpff-Cramm]]

[[Hedwig von Sierstorpff-Driburg]]
|[[Julius, Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld]]
[[Countess Adelheid of Castell-Castell]]

[[Leopold Otto, Count of Wartensleben]]

[[Mathilde Halbach]]

[[Baron Adolf Cramm]]

[[Hedwig von Cramm]]

[[Baron Ernst Sierstorpff-Driburg]]

[[Karoline von Vincke]]
|-
|[[Queen Juliana of the Netherlands]]
|[[Prince Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
[[Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands]]
|[[Grand Duke Frederick Francis II of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
[[Princess Marie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]]

[[King William III of the Netherlands]]

[[Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont]]
|[[Grand Duke Paul Frederick of Mecklenburg-Schwerin]]
[[Princess Alexandrine of Prussia]]

[[Prince Adolph of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt]]

[[Princess Mathilde of Schonburg-Waldenburg]]

[[King William II of the Netherlands]]

[[Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia]]

[[George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont]]

[[Princess Helena of Nassau]]
|}

==Lines of Succession==
{| class="wikitable wiki-table"
|+
! colspan="3" |Irene, Dowager Duchess of Parma
House of Orange-Nassau 

Born: 30 April 1939 
|-
| colspan="3" |<center>'''Lines of Succession'''</center>
|-
|<center>Preceded by</center>
|<center>Succession to the [[The Netherlands|Dutch]] throne</center>
|<center>Followed by</center>
|-
|<center>[[Prince Johan of the Netherlands]]</center>
|<center>13th in the line of succession</center>
|<center>[[Carlo V, Duke of Parma]]</center>
|}
== Notes ==
Face: Vanessa Redgrave
[[Category:The Netherlands]]
[[Category:Parma]]
[[Category:House Orange-Nassau]]
[[Category:Consorts of Parma]]